Notes

Outline

City of Akron Combined Sewer Overflow

City of Akron Combined Sewer Overflow City of Akron Dave Crandell Mike McGlinchy Pat Gsellman Jeff Bronowski George Bozeka R&A Terry Finn

Agenda

Introduction City of Akron Receiving Streams Cuyahoga River Little Cuyahoga River Camp Brook Ohio Canal Existing Facilities Water Pollution Control Station Collection System

Introduction City of Akron Planning Area of 183 sq.mi. Service Area Population 356,000 5 Cities, 4 Villages and 7 Townships Planning Area has decreased from the 1980 Akron Facilities Plan All the CSOs are located in City of Akron

Introduction City of Akron Medium Income (Akron) $22,279 Average Monthly Residential Sewer $27.39 Average Yearly Residential Sewer $328.68 Current Revenue $33,000,000

Introduction City of Akron

Introduction City of Akron

Introduction City of Akron SSO Elimination $25,000,000  Competive Action Program Significant Reduction in Operating Costs Studies

Introduction Receiving Streams Cuyahoga River Little Cuyahoga River Ohio Canal

Introduction Receiving Streams Cuyahoga River

Introduction Receiving Streams Little Cuyahoga River

Introduction Receiving Streams Ohio Canal

Introduction Existing Facilities Water Pollution Control Station Activated Sludge Process Daily Average Flow 71.6 mgd Peak Flows +250 mgd Preliminary Treatment 210 mgd Primary Treatment 150 mgd Secondary Treatment 110 mgd

Introduction Existing Facilities

Introduction Existing Facilities Collection System 1,165 miles of sewer 638 miles separate sanitary 246 miles storm sewer 188 miles combined sewer 94 square miles 37 CSOs

Introduction Existing Facilities Typical Rack

Introduction Existing Facilities

Introduction Existing Facilities Rack 18 Video

CSO Strategy CSO Recent History Strategy Development

CSO Strategy CSO Recent History CSO Operation and Maintenance Plan Nine Minimum Control Document NMC Projects Rack Improvements Maintenance Plan Rack 16 Screen Monitoring System Northside Interceptor Cleaning Rack 39 Separation

CSO Strategy Strategy Development

CSO Strategy Strategy Development

Program Evaluation CSO Policy Strategy

Program Evaluation CSO Policy Presumptive Approach no more than 4-6 overflows per year, or elimination or the capture for treatment of no less than 85% by volume of the combined sewage collected in the CSS, or elimination or removal of no less than the mass of the pollutants, identified as causing WQ impairments for the volume eliminated or captured above (85%)

Program Evaluation CSO Policy Demonstrative Approach adequate to meet WQ and protect designated uses CSO discharges will not precluded the attainment of WQS maximum pollutant reduction benefit reasonable attainable allow for cost effective expansion or retrofitting

Program Evaluation Strategy Demonstrative Approach to Presumptive Approach

Facilities Plan 98 Facilities Plan WPCS Alternative Data Collection Benefit Effective Controls

Facilities Plan 98 Facilities Plan Update the Old Facilities Plan Current Conditions Technical Advisory Group

Facilities Plan 98 Facilities Plan Original Facilities Plan - 1980 Adjustments to the Planning Area Update Population and Flow Projections Assess Current Condition of Collection System and WPCS

Facilities Plan Update - Planning Area Original Planning Area -  188 Square Miles (78.7 Square Miles Serviced) 1998 Planning Area - 183 Square Miles (93.8 Square Miles Serviced) Added JEDD Areas Subtracted Medina County and Cuyahoga Valley National Park

Facilities Plan Update - Population 1996 Projected Planning Area Population - 356,454 (FP98, LTCP) 2016 Projected Planning Area Population - 361,679 (FP98, LTCP) 1980 Projected Planning Area Population - 384,100 (FP80)  2000 Projected Planning Area Population -430,900 (FP80)

Facilities Plan Update - Flows 1996 Projected Dry Weather Flow - 56.61 MGD (FP98, LTCP) 2016 Projected Dry Weather Flow - 57.53 MGD (FP98, LTCP) 1980 Projected Dry Weather Flow - 76.75 MGD (FP80) 2000 Projected Dry Weather Flow - 89.80 MGD (FP80)

Facilities Plan Update - Flows More Accurate and Extensive Collection System Flow Monitoring Suburban Customers have Permanent Master Meters Majority of Planning Area is Developed Slow Growth is Projected for JEDD Areas Loss of Major Industrial Users

Facilities Plan Update - WPCS Current ADF (1992 - 2000) - 60 to 80 MGD (Rainfall Dependent) Current ADF Capacity - 90 MGD Current Peak Flow Capacity - 110 MGD (Complete Treatment/From Stress Test of Facility) Current Peak Flow Capacity - 250 MGD (Flows above 110 MGD Receive Primary Treatment)

Facilities Plan Update - WPCS Expenditures for Improvements have Totaled over $83 Million since 1987 Type of Improvements Headworks and Grit Chambers DCS (Distributed Control System) Replacing Coarse Bubble Diffusers with Fine Bubble Diffusers in Aeration Tanks Disinfection (Chorination/Dechlorination) New Secondary Settling Tank Covers

Facilities Plan - Technical Advisory Group 5 Local Government Entities Summit County City of Fairlawn City of Tallmadge City of Cuyahoga Falls Village of Lakemore 2 Parks Cuyahoga Valley National Park MetroParks Serving Summit County

Facilities Plan 98 Facilities Plan 6 Local Environmental Groups Cascade Locks Park Association Cuyahoga Valley Communities Council Friends of the Crooked River Little Cuyahoga River Conservancy Ohio & Erie Canal Corridor Coalition Cuyahoga River RAP 1 Regulatory Agency Ohio EPA

Facilities Plan 98 Facilities Plan 4 Industries Goodyear Gen Corp. A. Schulman B.F. Goodrich Company Chemical Group City of Akron Administration City Council Engineering Bureau Public Utilities Bureau

"9 Meetings" 9 Meetings Started in February of 1998 Covered Project Progress Technical Presentations Participated in Selection of Integrated Plan

Facilities Plan 98 WPCS Alternatives Additional Storm Retention Basins Septage Receiving Station Tertiary Treatment Effluent Pumping Disinfection Improvements Post Aeration

Facilities Plan 98 WPCS Alternatives Additional Storm Retention Basins 4 Alternatives were Evaluated Maximum Size was Set at 40 MG Land Area Manpower Performance Selected Alternative was to Locate Basins after Preliminary and Primary Treatment

Facilities Plan 98 WPCS Alternatives Disinfection Improvements Increase Efficiency During Storm Events Post Aeration Eliminate Minor DO Violations Implemented Liquid Oxygen Feed System

Facilities Plan 98 Data Collection Flow Monitoring Program Collection System Streams Sampling Program Discrete Sampling Decay Rate Sampling Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring Program

Facilities Plan 98 Data Collection Short-Term Flow Monitoring 8 Stream Sites for 60 Days 13 Sewer System Sites for 60 Days 8 Interceptors 2 Racks (CSOs) 3 Storm Sewers

"Long-Term Flow Monitoring" Long-Term Flow Monitoring 21 Permanent Flow Meters 9 Stream Sites 8 Interceptors or Trunk Sewers 4 CSOs 13 Rain Gauges

"Discrete Sampling Events" Discrete Sampling Events 3 Wet Weather Events 28 Locations 11 Grab Samples per Site over a 72 Hour Period Tested for Fecal Coliform, E. coli, CBOD,TKN, TSS, and Ammonia Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring 16 Long-Term Sites (6 Month Duration) 8 Temporary Sites (2 Week Duration)

"Decay Rate Sampling" Decay Rate Sampling 1 Dry Day 2 Wet Weather 5 Stream Segments Tested for CBOD, NBOD, Ammonia, and TKN Decay Rates

Facilities Plan 98 Data Collection Water Quality Chemistry River Biology Model Sewer System Receiving Stream

Facilities Plan 98 Data Collection Water Chemistry Weekly Grabs 17 Events Dry Weather Sampling 2 Events Wet Weather Sampling 4 Events No Violations of Numeric Chemical Criteria Measured Instream Fecal Bacteria Upstream and Downstream of CSOs Exceed Recreational Use Criteria

Facilities Plan 98 Data Collection River Biology 25 Biology Sites 1994 9 Additional Sites 1996 Habitat and Urban Modifications Correlate with areas of low scores Some areas with high CSO volume have attainment or partial attainment

Little Cuyahoga Fish

Macroinvertebrates In Urban LCR

Improved Cuyahoga River Macroinvertebrates

Improving Cuyahoga River Fish

"XPSWMM For CSO System linked..." XPSWMM For CSO System linked to WASP 5 For Stream Water Quality SWMM output Defined WASP input WASP used to Model Bacteria and CBOD loading Annual  and Event Simulations for loading comparisons

"WASP Defined DO risks to..." WASP Defined DO risks to System WASP Results defined BENEFIT EFFECTIVE Level of Control. Provides Optimal Reduction of: CBOD Events Hours

Model Used to Determine Benefit Effective Controls

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CSO Alternatives Alternatives Integrated Alternatives Decision Maker + Ultimate Integrated Plan

CSO Alternative Alternatives Separation Detention Treatment Tunnel Storage Express Sewers

Separation (Partial) Cost Prohibitive for Entire System ~$960,000,000 Benefits similar to Storage / Treatment Basins for CBOD Loading from some sewersheds Benefit to Recreational Use Negligible Cost Effective for some areas Seven Basins are Good Candidates for Separation

Detention 100% capture up to design limit Bar Screen Odor Control Pump Return to System Cleaning required This and other storage alternatives limited by total system capacity Evaluation of available land area critical to implementation

Treatment Generally Smaller than detention basins Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection Provides equivalent of primary treatment Less limited by total system capacity Higher O&M than Detention

Tunnel Storage Benefits Minimizes Surface Construction Cost Effective for Large Storage Provides Dry Waether Conveyance Only Applicable to Ohio Canal and NorthSide Interceptor Areas Pipe in pipe for conveyance Gravity Outlet to LCI possible Limited by Total System Capacity

Express Sewers Evaluated to Address Upstream Separate Areas Characterization does not show substantive differences between CSO rack basins Limited Industrial Discharge in Upstream Separate areas, Good Pretreatment Program Do not provide benefit equivalent to tunnels or storage combinations in load reduction Causes Significant Increase In Secondary Bypass at the Plant Routing and Construction Difficulties

CSO Alternative Integrated Alternatives No. 1 Separation No. 2 OCI, NCI, Detention/Treatment No. 3 OCI, Detention/Treatment No. 4 NSI, Detention/Treatment No. 5 Detention/Treatment

CSO Alternatives Integrated Alternatives WPCS Improvements Retention Basins Disinfection Post-Aeration Non-Traditional Stream Improvements Little Cuyahoga River Stream Restoration Cuyahoga River Re-Aeration Structures Infiltration/Inflow Elimination

CSO Alternatives Criterium Decision Plus Computerized Statistical Method Establish a Set of Rating Criteria Performance (From Modeling) Subjective Cost Establish a Weight for Each Criteria Establish a Weight for the Measurements in Each Criteria Scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the most Significant

"Storm Water Impacts - 3" Storm Water Impacts - 3 Water Quality Improvements - 3 Operation and Maintenance - 1 Costs - 4 Public Acceptance - 3 Community Improvements - 2.5 Construction Issues - 1

"Operation and Maintenance - 1" Operation and Maintenance - 1 Frequency of Cleaning - 3 Ease of Cleaning - 5 Location of Facilities - 1 Improvement of Failing Infrastructure - 5 Costs - 4 Capital - 4 O&M - 3 Present Worth - 2

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CSO Alternatives Criterium Decision Plus Integrated Plan No. 2 - 67.9% Integrated Plan No. 3 - 61.4% Integrated Plan No. 4 - 56.0% Integrated Plan No. 5 - 48.9% Integrated Plan No. 1 - 34.5%

CSO Alternative Ultimate Integrated Plan No. 2 OCI, NSI, Detention/Treatment 1998 Costs $248,000,000 Estimated Capital $1,983,000 Estimated Annual O&M Meets the Presumptive Approach 94% Capture

CSO Alternative Ultimate Integrated Plan CSO Events Collection System - 90% Reduction WPCS - 78% Reduction Overall - 90% Reduction CSO Hours Collection System - 88% Reduction WPCS - 33% Reduction Overall - 80% Reduction

CSO Alternative Ultimate Integrated Plan CSO Volume Collection System - 63% Reduction WPCS - 24% Reduction Overall - 44% Reduction CSO CBOD Loading Collection System - 60% Reduction WPCS - 24% Reduction Overall - 50% Reduction

LTCP Implementation Prioritization Rack Rankings Program Schedule and Costs Implementation Plan

LTCP Implementation Prioritization

LTCP Implementation Prioritization

LTCP Implementation Prioritization Group 1 (Rack 40/31, 26/28, Separations) CSO in sensitive area large volume CSO effectiveness of storage basin effectiveness of treatment basin avoid upstream impact on Rack 40 negated need for monitoring at Rack 39

LTCP Implementation Prioritization Group 2 (WPCS Storage, Seperations and CR Re-Aeration Pilot) avoid upstream impact on WPCS and Secondary By-pass evaluate benefits of stream re-aeration structures and habitat improvement Group 3 (Ohio Canal Tunnel and LCR Restoration) large volume of CSOs

LTCP Implementation Program Schedule and Costs

LTCP Implementation Program Schedule and Costs

LTCP Implementation Implementation Plan Wet Weather Standards Use Designation Stream Habitat

Summary of Benefits Approval of the City of Akron LTCP will:

Summary of Benefits Improve Water Quality Chemical Biological Reduce Number and Volume of CSO Provide Screening, Floatable Control and Disinfection on ALL CSOs

Summary of Benefits

Summary of Benefits Provide for Watershed Projects CR Re-aeration Pilot Study LCR Restoration WCPS Improvements Expanded Disinfection Additional Equalization Further the Goals of the Clean Water Act